With the industrial operations growing increasingly reliant upon automated solutions, Driverless Vehicle AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles) play a crucial role in transportation of materials from one place to another. This occurs due to the presence of an AGV Drive Motor which has a significant impact on movement accuracy, low-speed stability, energy efficacy and the overall reliability of machines.
Differing from regular vehicles, the AGVs operate mainly at lower speeds where there are lots of starting and stopping, reversing, etc. So it is essential to select motor based on realistic operations rather than the power rating alone.
Motor Selection: Low-Speed Stability and Torque
As the AGVs have to get close to workstations, conveyors, storage places and charger points very often, stable control during low-speed operation is very important to adjust speeds and stop smoothly.
However, the AGV has to have starting torque strong enough to carry excessive loads. The weight of the machine itself, its maximum payload, wheel size, gear ratio, acceleration conditions, and floor situation are important in defining the torque of the motor.
The AGV traction motor should thus be chosen properly for both smooth low-speed control as well as sufficient torque while loaded.
Motor Selection: Frequent Start-Stop Operation
An AGV has to accelerate, run, decelerate, stop, go backwards, and start often during its operation in the production cycle creating electrical and thermal issues for the motor.
Motor with Controller Integration
The use of independent motors on drive wheels of AGVs provides the highest level of convenience in straight motion, turning and precise positioning. Hence it’s really important to combine the motor and controller properly, in order to make the movement stable.
With the help of encoders and other similar feedback devices, the motor’s speed and position can be detected by the control unit. The correct combination of motor and controller provides for smooth torque response, speed control and positioning.
The incorrect combination of the two may lead to unstable operation at a low speed, high current consumption, weak acceleration or abnormal temperature of the motor.
Energy Effectiveness and Thermal Effectiveness
The majority of AGVs are powered from the onboard batteries, so the efficiency of the motor plays an important role in the operational time between charges.
Effective motor and controller system can help to reduce energy losses and heat generation. However, the efficiency must be evaluated under real operating conditions, as the AGVs work at various speeds and loads.
For frequently working AGVs, the thermal efficiency of the motor is also significant. The temperature of the motor depends on the weight being transported, the frequency of accelerations made by the given AGV, length of operation, temperature of the environment and conditions of cooling.
Shandong Depuda Motor and AGV Cases
Shandong Depuda Motor Co., Ltd. concentrates on electric motor solutions for AGVs, electric forklifts, material handling machines, aerial work platforms, construction machines and other machinery for transportation.
In order to select the proper motor for the AGV it is necessary to take into consideration the voltage of battery, mass of vehicle, mass being transported, torque needed, speed, diameter, ratio of reduction gearbox, installation dimensions, design of the controller and other similar issues related to duty cycle.
Taking into consideration the complete AGV drive system, Shandong Depuda Motor is able to provide OEM manufacturers and system integrators with various electric motor solutions.
Conclusion
The AGV Drive Motor significantly contributes to the very process of automated transportation. Low-speed stability, starting torque, start-stop ability, compatibility with controller, energy efficiency and thermal efficiency are some of the factors influencing the AGV operation.
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